Moonlight Maxims

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THE PHANTOM CARRIAGE, 1921.

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Conrad Veidt in THE HANDS OF ORLAC.

MONSTER SERIAL: I WALKED WITH A ZOMBIE (1943)

I WALKED WITH A ZOMBIE, 1943
Starring: James Ellison, Frances Dee, Tom Conway
Directed by: Jacques Tourneur

WHAT'S IT ALL ABOUT, ALFIE? A Canadian nurse is hired to care for the wife of a sugar plantation owner on the Caribbean island of Saint Sebastian, but there's more to the patient's illness than meets the eye. The nurse is slowly drawn into gothic intrigue, family secrets and a community where science and voodoo have become indistinguishable.

WHAT'S IT REALLY ABOUT? Euthanasia. Oh, and Jane Eyre.

The tragedy at the heart of the story is the unresolved illness of Jessica Holland, who was struck down years earlier by a mysterious "tropical fever" that robbed her of her mind. Suffering from brain damage (well, spinal cord damage, but whatever) she's otherwise healthy, but mentally vacant.

Jessican's family was already fragmented before the illness. Her husband and his half-brother are divided by blood, while their mother spends her days operating a medical clinic while dabbling at night in voodoo. There's not an abundance of truth in this family, mostly because they're at odds over what to do about Jessica, who is technically dead and gone but still haunting their home.

To its credit, the movie doesn't offer any solutions to this problem. Screenwriters Curt Siodmak and Ardel Wray (it's unclear who is responsible for the lion's share of the story that made it to screen) deal with the subject with grace and maturity, even shrouding the film's resolution in ambiguity. There is no pat solution to the problem and there is no happy ending for anyone involved. We're warned of this at the start, as Jessica's husband/widow Paul warns nurse Betsy (as well as the audience) that the beauty we're about to witness on the Caribbean island is the product of death and decay. He's a profoundly screwed up individual.

ZOMBIE is a gothic romance masquerading as a horror film, a not-so-thinly veiled pastiche of JANE EYRE that I've come to think of as "horror noir." While Charlotte Bronte's anti-hero keeps his nightmarish marriage a secret, Paul Rand wears his tragedy like a badge of honor. He's become a ghost, himself, shackled to a dead woman by duty and honor. Even when he learns later that his mother might have been responsible for Jessica's condition, and that his wife had been planning to run off with his brother, he still refuses to let go of the past. There's nothing in the movie to suggest this bondage will ever be broken, even when wife and brother are both dead by the movie's end.

WHY ARE WE STILL TALKING ABOUT THIS MOVIE? I WALKED WITH A ZOMBIE is a lush, atmospheric movie that has both style and substance. While Universal's horror films experienced a slow decline in quality, eventually letting the make-up and costumes do the work the screenwriters could not, ZOMBIE is a clever, nuanced film that manages to work despite the meager number of actual zombies seen on screen. I doubt anyone is going into this movie expecting a George Romero orgy of gore, but fans of modern horror might be a little put off by its atypical style. Even the "ZOMBIE" of the movie's title refers to Jessica's ailment, and not a voodoo spirit.

Still, it's a surprisingly spooky movie that often shames its contemporaries, which is pretty much true for producer Val Lewton's output during the 1940s. Lewton was make the head of RKO's "horror" division the year before ZOMBIE was released, and cranked out low-budget pictures under some surprisingly stringent conditions. In a case of putting the cart before the horse, RKO gave Lewton the titles for the movies he was to make, their running times (each film was to be less than 75 minutes long; Zombie is not quite 70 minutes) and to be made on budgets of $150,000 each.

This kind of corporate film making rarely produces a good product, but Lewton turned these disadvantages to his favor and generated  numerous impressive, original horror films in a short period of time. 

IS IT TIME TO STOP TALKING ABOUT IT? Hell, no. While the idea of a white privileged class ruling over an island of "magical negroes" is rife with racism, there's something surprisingly genteel about the film. Race is less of an issue on the island than class, and nurse Betsy clearly identifies with the islands black servants more than she does her white employers. You have to prepare yourself for ignorant, sometimes flat-out evil cultural tropes when watching classic movies, but ZOMBIE thankfully pulls its punches.

It also works in ways that modern horror movies no longer do. Horror, like comedy, is difficult to do, which is why so many directors tend to cut corners. You don't know if your joke is funny until after you tell it, and directors don't know if their movie is scary until after they screen it. I think this is why so many horror movies (and comedies) set the bar so low. The SAW movies have more in common with the POLICE ACADEMY series than not, engineered for audiences who expect a very specific, pasteurized product. When used injudiciously, gore is the fart joke of horror movies. It's safe. Despite the element's tenancy to push MPAA ratings boundaries you might even say gore is creatively timid.

Depending on your tastes, I WALKED WITH A ZOMBIE might look a little quaint. But that also makes its creepier moments that much more creepy. It's also a beautifully shot movie, especially when it's making with the spooky. RKO certainly didn't spend the money on a horror picture that they spent on the Carey Grant movie, Mr. Lucky, that same year, but you'd never know it.

Fun with Photoshop: ABBOTT AND COSTELLO MEET ALIENS

Jack Pierce, Wally Westmore mentioned in 1931 column

(Note: The following column is reprinted as it was first published, complete with typographical errors.)

Hollywood Sights and Sounds
The Carroll Daily Herald, Oct. 20, 1931

Sometimes it just happens that screen stories are timely, even though writers comb the newspapers for plot suggestions.

"Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde," starring Frederic March, as in production weeks before the so-called "Ape Man" broke into Hollywood news with a series of attacks on women.

But the marauder's cruelty parallels the methods of Robert Louis Stevenson's fiction character, the bestial Mr. Hyde, who was the high-minded Dr. Jekyll's lower nature.

Another screen story long in preparation, "from an original story by Edgar Allan Poe," as the trade would say, has for its murdering villain a huge ape. It's called, of course, "The Murders in the Rue Morgue."

Another Thriller
Unrelated tr. apes and "apemen," but similarly of the movie cycle of horror stories following up on the success of "Dracula" is "Frankenstein," which features a monster created by a scientist from fragments of dead humans and given by mistake the brain of a criminal.

All these horror tales are giving studio make-up men opportunity to exercise their genius along macabre lines. Wally Westmore makes Frederic March such a grotesque Mr. Hyde that March, when in that character, shuns the studio lunchroom.

And Jack Pierce who spends three hours each morning tranforming Boris Karloff into the "Frankenstein'" monster, did weeks of research in  medical libraries to perfect his conception of an "undead"' pieced-together being.

When made-up Karloff goes to the set under a sheet, and it is just as well. I witnessed the make-up process and can report that I'd rather not meet this "monster" in a dark deserted srreet or anywhere except the screen.

The ape of Rue Morgue will be comparatively simple, but "The Invisible Man" (not a horror story) will present a real problem. This character is supposed to have ability to render himself invisible, but I am told, cannot restore himself to normalcy, although his clothes.

Alternate title for THE BEAST WITH FIVE FINGERS (1946)

Here's something I've never heard before: the 1946 Peter Lorre film THE BEAST WITH FIVE FINGERS began life with a much more subtle title. It's detailed below in an excerpt from a Dec. 24, 1946, gossip column published by The Newark Advocate American Tribune:

RKO has junked what we thought was one of the year's best movie titles. ''Build My Gallows High," because the Gallup poll boys turned in a report that it left movie fans cold. The picture's new title is "Out of the Past."

Well, anyway, it's not as bad as -a title-changing brainstorm at Warner Bros, where an original story "Concerto for the Left Hand" will be released soon as "The Beast With Five Fingers."